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ICalendar components and their properties iCalendar is a computer which allows Internet users to send meeting requests and tasks to other Internet users by sharing or sending files in this format through various methods. The files usually have an of.ics. With, such as an or, recipients of an iCalendar data file can respond to the sender easily or counter-propose another meeting date/time.

The file format is specified in a for calendar data exchange. ICalendar is used and supported by a large number of products, including, (formerly iCal), extension for and, and partially by and. ICalendar is designed to be independent of the transport protocol. For example, certain events can be sent by traditional email or whole calendar files can be shared and edited by using a server,. Simple web servers (using just the HTTP protocol) are often used to distribute iCalendar data about an event and to publish busy times of an individual. Publishers can embed iCalendar data in web pages using, a 1:1 representation of iCalendar in semantic.

With Google's free online calendar, it’s easy to keep track of life’s important events all in one place. Other Calendars. Calendar Generator – Create a calendar for any year; Monthly Calendar – Shows only 1 month at a time; Custom Calendar – Make advanced. ICalendar is a computer file format which allows Internet users to send meeting. ICalendar's calendar is also not compatible with some non-Gregorian calendars such.

Contents. History and design iCalendar was first created in 1998 by the Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group of the, chaired by of, and was authored by Frank Dawson of and Derik Stenerson of. ICalendar is heavily based on the earlier by the (IMC). ICalendar data files are files with the.ics or.ifb (for files containing availability information only).

Replaced in September 2009 and now defines the standard. ICalendar data has the content type text/calendar.

The filename extension of ics is to be used for files containing calendaring and scheduling information, ifb for files with free or busy time information consistent with this MIME content type. The equivalent file in Apple Macintosh operating system environments are iCal and iFBf. By default, iCalendar uses the; a different character set can be specified using the 'charset' MIME parameter (if the transport method used supports MIME, such as or ). Each line is terminated by + (in: 0D0A). Lines should be limited to 75 (not characters) long. Where a data item is too long to fit on a single line it can be continued on following lines by starting the continuation lines with a space character (in hex: 20) or a tab character (in hex: 09).

Actual line feeds in data items are encoded as a backslash followed by the letter n or N (the bytes 5C 6E or 5C 4E in UTF-8). Limitations and future The iCalendar format is designed to transmit calendar-based data, such as events, and intentionally does not describe what to do with that data. Thus, other programming may be needed to negotiate what to do with this data.

ICalendar is meant to 'provide the definition of a common format for openly exchanging calendaring and scheduling information across the Internet'. While the features most often used by users are widely supported by iCalendar, some more advanced capabilities have problems. For example, most vendors do not support Journals (VJOURNAL). VTODOs have had conversion problems as well. ICalendar's calendar is also not compatible with some non- calendars such as the used in and. The memo 'Calendar Access Protocol' ( 4324) was an initial attempt at a universal system to create real-time calendars.

This protocol was eventually abandoned, possibly because of excessive complexity. Regardless, iCalendar-based code such as and are now being used more frequently in both client and server packages. The 'Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group' (ietf-calsify WG) has published additional proposed revisions to the iCalendar standards (as RFC-drafts/'Proposed'), but as of January 2011, the group has 'ended'. The work being picked up by the 'Calendaring Extensions Working Group' (ietf-calext WG). Technical specifications Core object The top-level element in iCalendar is the Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object, a collection of calendar and scheduling information.

Typically, this information will consist of a single iCalendar object. However, multiple iCalendar objects can be grouped together. The first line must be BEGIN:VCALENDAR, and the last line must be END:VCALENDAR; the contents between these lines is called the 'icalbody'. The second line VERSION:2.0 indicates that the data is in iCalendar format. VERSION:1.0 was used to specify that data is in the old vCalendar format. The body of the iCalendar object (the icalbody) is made up of a list of calendar properties and one or more calendar components. The calendar properties apply to the entire calendar.

The calendar components are several calendar properties which create a calendar schematic (design). For example, the calendar component can specify an event, a to-do list, a journal entry, time zone information, or free/busy time information, or an alarm. Empty lines are not allowed in some versions of usage (Google calendar).

Here is a simple example of an iCalendar object, ' Party' event which occurs July 14, 1997 17:00 (UTC) through July 15, 1997 03:59:59 (UTC): BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML v1.0//EN BEGIN:VEVENT UID:uid1@example.com DTSTAMP:19900Z ORGANIZER:CN=John Doe:MAILTO:john.doe@example.com DTSTART:19900Z DTEND:19959Z SUMMARY:Bastille Day Party END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR There are many different types of components which can be used in iCalendar, as described below. Events (VEVENT) VEVENT describes an event, which has a scheduled amount of time on a calendar. Normally, when a user accepts the calendar event, this will cause that time to be considered busy. A VEVENT may include a VALARM which allows an alarm. Such events have a DTSTART which sets a starting time, and a DTEND which sets an ending time. If the calendar event is recurring, DTSTART sets up the start of the first event. A VALARM code (reminder 1 day before): BEGIN:VALARM TRIGGER:-PT1440M ACTION:DISPLAY DESCRIPTION:Reminder END:VALARM VEVENT also is used for calendar events without a specific time, such as anniversaries and daily reminders.

If the user needs to send in a cancellation for an event, the should be the same as the original event, and the component properties should be set to cancel Ex. METHOD:CANCEL STATUS:CANCELLED For sending an UPDATE for an event the UID should match the original UID. The other component property to be set is: SEQUENCE: I.e., for the first update: SEQUENCE:1 In Microsoft Outlook, the SUMMARY corresponds to the 'Subject' entry in the 'Appointment' form, and DESCRIPTION to the descriptive text below it. In addition, Outlook 2002 and Outlook 2003 demand a UID and a DTSTAMP. To-do (VTODO) VTODO explains a to-do item, i.e., an action-item or assignment. Not all calendar applications recognize VTODO items. In particular, Outlook does not export Tasks as VTODO items, and ignores VTODO items in imported calendars.

The following is an example of a to-do due on April 15, 1998. An audio alarm has been specified to remind the calendar user at noon, the day before the to-do is expected to be completed and repeat hourly, four additional times. The SEQUENCE element shows this to-do has been modified twice since it was initially created. BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//ABC Corporation//NONSGML My Product//EN BEGIN:VTODO DTSTAMP:19900Z SEQUENCE:2 UID:uid4@example.com DUE:19959 STATUS:NEEDS-ACTION SUMMARY:Submit Income Taxes BEGIN:VALARM ACTION:AUDIO TRIGGER:19900 ATTACH;FMTTYPE=audio/basic:files/ssbanner.aud REPEAT:4 DURATION:PT1H END:VALARM END:VTODO END:VCALENDAR Journal entry (VJOURNAL) VJOURNAL is a journal entry. They attach descriptive text to a particular calendar date, may be used to record a daily record of activities or accomplishments, or describe progress with a related to-do entry.

A 'VJOURNAL' calendar component does not take up time on a calendar, so it has no effect on free or busy time (just like TRANSPARENT entries). In practice, few programs support VJOURNAL entries, although examples exist: Plum Canary's Chirp software uses VTODO and VJOURNAL together.

Also from the KDE desktop and from the desktop support VJOURNAL. The following is an example of a journal entry: BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//ABC Corporation//NONSGML My Product//EN BEGIN:VJOURNAL DTSTAMP:19900Z UID:uid5@example.com ORGANIZER:MAILTO:jsmith@example.com STATUS:DRAFT CLASS:PUBLIC CATEGORIES:Project Report, XYZ, Weekly Meeting DESCRIPTION:Project xyz Review Meeting Minutes n Agenda n1.

Review of project version 1.0 requirements. Definition of project processes. Review of project schedule. N Participants: John Smith, Jane Doe, Jim Dandy n-It was decided that the requirements need to be signed off by product marketing. N-Project processes were accepted. N -Project schedule needs to account for scheduled holidays and employee vacation time. Check with HR for specific dates.

N-New schedule will be distributed by Friday. N- Next weeks meeting is cancelled. No meeting until 3/23. END:VJOURNAL END:VCALENDAR (Note: This example is taken from with the correction of changing the word 'CATEGORY' to 'CATEGORIES', which is a mistake in the original RFC) Free/busy time (VFREEBUSY) VFREEBUSY is a request for free/busy time, is a response to a request, or is a published set of busy time. The following is an example of published busy time information: BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//RDU Software//NONSGML HandCal//EN BEGIN:VFREEBUSY DTSTAMP:20100Z UID:uid6@example.com ORGANIZER:MAILTO:jsmith@example.com DTSTART:19911Z DTEND:19911Z FREEBUSY:19900Z/19900Z FREEBUSY:19900Z/19900Z FREEBUSY:19900Z/19900Z URL:END:VFREEBUSY END:VCALENDAR Other component types Other component types include VTIMEZONE (time zones) and VALARM (alarms).

Some components can include other components (VALARM is often included in other components). Distributing updates The UID field distributes updates when a scheduled event changes. When the event is first generated a identifier is created. If a later event is distributed with the same UID, it replaces the original one.

Calendar extensions vCalendar and iCalendar support private, with a 'X-' prefix, a number of which are in common usage. The standard and file type are sometimes referred to as 'iCal', which was the name of the calendar program until 2012 (see ), which provides one of the implementations of the standard. Retrieved 2015-04-05. A companion standard, 'iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability' , defines a protocol for exchanging iCalendar objects for the purposes of group calendaring and scheduling between 'Calendar Users' (CUs); whoever initiates the exchange of data takes on the role of the 'Organizer'. This standard defines methods such as PUBLISH, REQUEST, REPLY, ADD, CANCEL, REFRESH, COUNTER (to negotiate a change in the entry), and DECLINE-COUNTER (to decline the counter-proposal).

Another companion standard, 'iCalendar Message-based Interoperability Protocol ' , defines a standard method for implementing iTIP on standard Internet email-based transports. The 'Guide to Internet Calendaring' explains how iCalendar interacts with other calendar computer language (current and future). CalConnect, 2004.

Although there exist one-to-one mappings between Gregorian and many other calendar scales, the lack of defined CALSCALE values for those calendars and limitations in various date fields can make native support impossible. For example the year may contain either 12 or 13 months, and the Emperor-based calendar scale contains many eras. Retrieved 2015-04-05. Retrieved 2015-04-05. Lear, Eliot (2010-12-10). Ietf-calsify mailing list.

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Retrieved 2015-04-05. Retrieved 2016-12-01. ^ From. Note that and Microsoft Outlook use additional descriptors, as follows, to provide further information about the calendar. X-WR-CALNAME:Revolution Parties X-WR-CALDESC:Celebrations of various revolutionary activities. X-WR-RELCALID:3E26604A-50F4-4449-8B3E-E4F4932D05B5 X-WR-TIMEZONE:US/Pacific Where the X-WR-RELCALID is a.

But an event can be set to be 'TRANSPARENT' to change this interpretation. These events would have a DATE value type for the DTSTART property instead of the default DATE-TIME, and need not include a DTEND property. Microsoft Developer Network. Retrieved 7 August 2015. As described in: When used to request free/busy time information, the 'ATTENDEE' property specifies the calendar users whose free/busy time is being requested; the 'ORGANIZER' property specifies the calendar user who is requesting the free/busy time; the 'DTSTART' and 'DTEND' properties specify the window of time for which the free/busy time is being requested; the 'UID' and 'DTSTAMP' properties are specified to assist in proper sequencing of multiple free/busy time requests.

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When used to reply to a request for free/busy time, the 'ATTENDEE' property specifies the calendar user responding to the free/busy time request; the 'ORGANIZER' property specifies the calendar user that originally requested the free/busy time; the 'FREEBUSY' property specifies the free/busy time information (if it exists); and the 'UID' and 'DTSTAMP' properties are specified to assist in proper sequencing of multiple free/busy time replies. When used to publish busy time, the 'ORGANIZER' property specifies the calendar user associated with the published busy time; the 'DTSTART' and 'DTEND' properties specify an inclusive time window that surrounds the busy time information; the 'FREEBUSY' property specifies the published busy time information; and the 'DTSTAMP' property specifies the date/time that iCalendar object was created. From The iCalendar object might be placed at some URL with the extension '.ifb'. Some components are often defined to support other components defined after them (VTIMEZONE is often used this way). An example UID might be 'Y2007S2C131M5@example.edu', for the 5th meeting of class 131 in semester 2 at a hypothetical college.

Retrieved 2016-02-23. Retrieved 2015-04-08.

From the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2016-02-28. External links. Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) (replaces ). iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP) (replaces ). iCalendar Message-Based Interoperability Protocol (iMIP) (replaces ).

xCal: The XML format for iCalendar (iCalendar XML Representation).: update of the data formats for including certain characters, forbidden by the existing specification, in parameter values. New Properties for iCalendar (additional properties to the iCalendar specification). This describes the relationship of vCard, vCalendar, and iCalendar, and includes IMC's request for implementors to support both vCalendar and iCalendar. A list of resources for iCalendar and related standards.

The Supreme Court term that ended in late June may have lacked the high-profile cases found in many of the terms that preceded it, but the new term will have no shortage of blockbusters. Today the justices released, which will include not only the dispute over President Donald Trump’s “travel ban” but also a major dispute over partisan gerrymandering, two immigration cases that have been scheduled for a second round of oral argument, and an important arbitration case in which the United States has switched sides and now supports the employers. The headliner in the October calendar is the litigation over Trump’s March 6 executive order, which put a freeze on both new visas for travelers from six predominantly Muslim countries (Iran, Libya, Sudan, Somalia, Syria and Yemen) and the admission of refugees into the United States. Two lower courts had blocked the Trump administration from implementing the order, but on June 26 the Supreme Court reinstated the ban, allowing the government to enforce it against travelers and refugees who do not already have a genuine relationship with an individual or institution in the United States. That ruling kicked off another round of litigation over the scope of the June 26 order, culminating in an order earlier today in which the justices declined to disturb a Hawaii district judge’s definition of “close” relatives (which was more expansive than the government would have liked) but put on hold his definition of which refugees should be allowed to enter the country.

In the oral argument on the “travel ban” scheduled for October 10, the justices will be reviewing the lower courts’ decisions barring the government from enforcing the order; the two cases – and – have been consolidated for one hour of oral argument. On October 3, the justices will hear oral argument in, in which they will review Wisconsin’s appeal from a decision by a three-judge federal district court striking down the state’s redistricting map, which was created by the Republican-controlled legislature after the 2010 census. The district court ruled that the map was the product of partisan gerrymandering – that is, the practice of drawing a legislative map to give one political party an advantage. In 2004, a deeply divided Supreme Court declined to weigh in on a partisan-gerrymandering challenge to Pennsylvania’s redistricting map. Four justices agreed that courts should never review partisan-gerrymandering cases because it is too hard to formulate a manageable standard, while four justices contended that courts should be able to review those cases. Justice Anthony Kennedy provided the crucial vote: He believed that the justices should stay out of the Pennsylvania case but left open the possibility that courts could review similar cases in the future.

On October 2, the justices will kick off their term with three arbitration cases, which have been consolidated for one hour of oral argument. In, and, the justices agreed to decide whether agreements to forgo class actions or collective proceedings and instead resolve disputes between an employer and its employees through arbitration are enforceable under the Federal Arbitration Act. The NLRB – then represented by the Office of the Solicitor General – filed its petition for review in September 2016, before the presidential election in November. In late June of this year, the United States (but not the NLRB) filed a “friend of the court” brief supporting the employers, rather than the employees; the NLRB is likely to file its own brief in August. The October 2 oral argument in the arbitration cases will be followed by a reargument of, in which the justices will again consider whether the Immigration and Nationality Act’s definition of “crime of violence” – for which a noncitizen can be deported from the United States – is so ambiguous that it violates the Constitution’s bar on vague criminal laws. On October 3, the justices will hear oral argument for a second time in, in which they are considering whether immigrants who are detained have a right to appear in front of an immigration judge and seek their release after making payments to guarantee that they will appear at later proceedings in the same case.

The court had only eight members when it heard oral argument in these cases for the first time; its late-June order setting the cases for a second round of oral argument suggests that the eight justices attempted to reach an agreement but were ultimately deadlocked, making the court’s newest justice, Neil Gorsuch, the key vote. Here is a complete list of the cases slated for oral argument in October, with brief summaries of the cases not already covered above:. Epic Systems Corp. Lewis, National Labor Relations Board v. Murphy Oil USA and Ernst & Young v.

Morris (October 2). Sessions v. Dimaya (October 2). Gill v. Whitford (October 3).

Jennings v. Rodriguez (October 3). (October 4): Whether police officers who responded to a noise complaint and found late-night partiers at a vacant home had probable cause to arrest them for trespassing, when the partiers told the officers that they had been invited to the house and had no intention to trespass; and whether the police officers are entitled to qualified immunity.

(October 4): Whether a defendant who pleads guilty waives the right to challenge the constitutionality of the statute under which he was convicted. Hawaii and Trump v. International Refugee Assistance Project (October 10).

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(October 10): Whether the federal rule governing extensions for appeals, which allows district courts to extend the deadlines for filing appeals by 30 days, is jurisdictional or instead a claims-processing rule. (October 11): Whether challenges to a 2015 rule that defines the term “waters of the United States” for purposes of the Clean Water Act should be filed first in federal district court or a federal court of appeals. (October 11): Whether the Alien Tort Statute, which gives federal district courts jurisdiction over civil lawsuits filed by non-U.S. Citizens for wrongful acts that violate international law, allows lawsuits against corporations. Whether a United States provider of email services must comply with a probable-cause-based warrant issued under 18 U.S.C.

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§ 2703 by making disclosure in the United States of electronic communications within that provider's control, even if the provider has decided to store that material abroad. Whether should be overruled and public-sector “agency shop” arrangements invalidated under the First Amendment.